Harry potter Community Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Harry potter Community - Assignment Example Dream and deception may conceal these real factors yet they exist and I realize that without a doubt. Maybe this is simply the motivation behind why I find in him. Why I am agreeable and quiet to expound on this as my talk network. I can relate to him and his reality. In the event that it weren’t for the opportune reaction of the nephew, Harry, an individual tuning in on the discussion would not have known about the motivation behind why that day was considered by Mr. Vernon as the greatest day of the week. So imagine a scenario in which there is no post on Sundays. The family doesn't care for getting letters? Is it true that they resent the mailman? †These are only a portion of the inquiries that the audience to the discussion would inquire. Truly, the explanation goes further and is much uglier than the responses to these basic, honest and paltry inquiries. Mr. Vernon likes getting letters for that implied that individuals loved him all around ok to keep in touch with him. He feels significant when he gets letters. At the point when he discovered that his nephew, a â€Å"nobody† and an individual who just eats scraps from his table and wears his old larger than usual garments were accepting letters that maddened him. How could a â€Å"nobody† be a higher priority than him? Due to his mounting outrage, he took to getting the letters routed to the nephew from the mailman and consuming them. A monotonous assignment for he needed to hang tight for the mailman. He has been doing this for seven days at this point and he really felt mitigated that he would not be doing it again that day. On this day, the nephew was remaining close to the window anticipating orders as though he was a footman. He was not permitted to sit on the seats in the parlor. A benefit appreciated uniquely by the close family. This implicit principle was intended to show chains of command in the family unit. At the point when the discussion started it was simply between the close family. To additionally stress the eliteness or the

Misleading Graphs free essay sample

Figure 1, which showed up in Erickson Times, shows the quantity of Olympic decorations won by nation. For Germany, the image of two decorations compares to very nearly 500 awards. In this way, we would anticipate that the image of four decorations should relate to very nearly 1000 awards and the image of six decorations to compare to just about 1500 decorations. Be that as it may, the name for the four-award picture is 615 and for the 6 decoration picture is 1975. In spite of the fact that there is the right position requesting, there is little connection between the photos of the decorations and the marks of the quantity of awards. Deceiving Graphs and Statistics Statistics can be misdirecting. They are frequently used to demonstrate a point, and can without much of a stretch be wound for that point! The reason for this area is to figure out how to perceive regular statisitcal double dealing so that to abstain from being misdirect. Awful Sampling When you utilize an example to speak to a bigger gathering, you should ensure that the individuals in the example are genuinely illustrative of the bigger gathering. We will compose a custom exposition test on Deluding Graphs or then again any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Model 31. 1 Decide whether a shopping center is a decent spot to discover an example for an overview about the measure of remittance got by individuals ages 10 to 15. Arrangement. The shopping center is presumably not a delegate spot to locate a reasonable example of individuals in this age go. Taking an example at the shopping center probably won't speak to decently those individuals who get a little remittance, or none Misleading Graphs Good diagrams are incredibly useful assets for showing enormous amounts of complex information; they help transform the domains of data accessible today into information. However, sadly, a few charts misdirect or deceive. This may happen on the grounds that the originator decides to give perusers the impression of preferable presentation or results over is really the circumstance. In different cases, the individual who readies the diagram might need to be exact and fair, yet may delude the peruser by a poor decision of a chart structure or poor chart development. The accompanying things are essential to consider when taking a gander at a chart: 1. Title 2. Marks on the two tomahawks of a line or bar graph and on all segments of a pie outline 3. Wellspring of the information 4. Key to a pictograph 5. Uniform size of an image in a pictograph 6. Scale: Does it start with zero? If not, is there a break demonstrated 7. Scale: Are the numbers similarly separated? 1 The information on the privilege proposes that the AR program has all the earmarks of being helping the understudies. To make a reasonable diagram of this information, what sort of chart would be ideal? - Incorrect beginning of the Y-hub JUST LOOK AT THAT UPWARD SPIKE! Goodness, the primary concern of the chart isnt 0, its 19â million. The number didnt triple, in spite of the vibes of things. The most ordinarily observed sensationalization of charts in the famous media is likely when the diagram is drawn with the vertical pivot beginning not at 0, yet some place just underneath the depressed spot in the information being charted. Both upward and descending patterns are overstated, for an all the more energizing look. For instance, the work information chart to one side, taken from the New Dealâ article in June 2008, indicates to delineate the degree of work in the United States of America throughout the years. The measure of work outwardly seems to significantly increase from 1933 to 1941. Nonetheless, the vertical hub starts at 19 million as opposed to at 0; this masks the way that the ascent was in reality about 56%. Consequently, the chart to the privilege is misdirecting. It is unquestionably more energizing than the compliment identical, yet to be exact, the diagram ought to have been made with the vertical hub beginning at 0. Be that as it may, one ought to likewise abstain from demanding a deceptive 0. For instance, while plotting the temperature history of Boston, it looks bad to begin the plot at 0 K, since 0 K is far expelled from truly realistic qualities and will just darken the real scope of variety. As a rule, on the off chance that one needs to utilize a counterbalance 0, it is invaluable to utilize marks that are enormous enough that the balance is neat in the thumbnail. - Abuse of the X-pivot The furthest right of these two charts was clipped from the trough of the furthest left diagram. It is deceiving to utilize the furthest right piece to profess to speak to information during this timespan. Control of the charts X-hub can likewise deceive; see the diagram to one side. The two charts are in fact precise delineations of the information they portray, and do utilize 0 as the base estimation of the Y-hub; however the furthest right diagram just shows the trough; so it is deluding to guarantee it portrays run of the mill information over that timeframe. The chart probably won't be misdirecting in the event that it were explicitly marked in the subtitle as indicating information just from 1/10/2008 to 1/13/2008 †however its a careful decision whether the more extensive view would be better in any case.

Children and Television Essay

About each family unit approaches TV programming. With the assortment of projects accessible youngsters are presented to numerous components concerning decision. These decisions can prompt a wide exhibit of results relying upon the sort of substance which is seen. Positive programming can advance the learning of significant abilities and information to empower accomplishment throughout everyday life, while negative programming may have differing inverse impacts. The substance of TV programming influence the wellbeing, practices and learned fundamental abilities in kids. Initial, a conversation of physical wellbeing concerns. TV seeing by kids can cause an assortment of physical wellbeing concerns. Youngsters face physical medical problems in light of the measure of time they spend sitting in front of the TV. Several these physical concerns are vision and dietary issues. The time allotment youngsters center around the TV screen, and the vicinity they sit from the TV screen, makes them create visual perception issues. In a perfect world, kids ought to sit roughly â€Å"five feet away† from the TV as indicated by McWilliams and Molder. (1999) despite what might be expected, The Nemours Foundation clarifies the false notion of youngsters sitting near TV screens isn't a reason for visual perception issues since kids can center at a closer separation than grown-ups. (2010) In either occasion whether the sitting near the TV is the reason or an indication of an eye issue alert should even now be utilized in not permitting youngsters to sit excessively near the TV screen. Kids additionally face issues with dietary issues from staring at the TV. Youngsters become focused on programs making carelessness their dietary patterns. A few kids won't eat at all while others will in general indulge. These dietary problems are impacted by the substance kids are seeing through explicit programming. One factor of this writing computer programs is that the commercials target youngsters urging them to want explicit items, for example, how McDonalds offers toys to draw in deals of their items. Discoveries of Zimmerman and Bell finish up, â€Å"Television survey might be a stationary action, yet it isn't hence that it is related with weight in kids. The connection between TV survey and stoutness among youngsters is constrained to business TV seeing and presumably works through the impact of promoting obesogenic nourishments on television† (2010 p338). Kids additionally face mental wellbeing worries according to TV seeing. As kids advance in age their brains become progressively evolved giving them a superior comprehension of nature encompassing them. Some substance accessible on TV causes explicit fears which â€Å"include dread of creepy crawlies, snakes, and mutts; lifts, lifts, and extensions; high places; and open spaces† just as numerous others† (Healthofchildren. com, 2012). The advancement of these fears causes raised nervousness levels in kids. Kids who watch numerous long periods of realistic substance, for example, blood and gore films, nature projects, and news communicates which embed pictures in their receptive, youthful personalities giving them a feeling that the world is a dangerous spot. These tensions impact various practices in kids. For the most part the negative substance that can be seen on TV makes youngsters copy practices and activities of the characters they see. â€Å"Repeated introduction to TV savagery makes kids less delicate toward its consequences for casualties and the human enduring it causes† (Boyse, 2010). Youngsters utilize their creative mind during play. Youngsters will intermittently mess around, for example, cops and burglars, ranchers and indians, or even copy their preferred wrestling star making hurt one another. These practices are seen as unsuitable in the public eye and can flood into circumstances where the activities are unseemly, for example, in school, markets, or cinemas. As kids might not have a total comprehension of the thought processes of the substance which they were introduced however TV, they may acknowledge them as the real world. Be that as it may, the acknowledgment of this reality can cause positive practices also. â€Å"Children mimic their parental good examples that they love and trust; at that point they mirror other good examples that probably won't be so worthy† ( Jagers, 2007). Contingent upon their comprehension of the results of an activity, kids may pick an alternate method of conduct concerning circumstances they experience for the duration of their lives. A kid who sees somebody getting scorched may take alert when they are in a comparative circumstance themselves. In the event that a youngster watches somebody calling 911 looking for help with a crisis circumstance, when stood up to with this kind of circumstance they will think to utilize this to further their potential benefit. Some TV programs for youngsters energize positive practices, for example, sympathy, thoughtfulness, and helping other people. These TV programs energize enthusiastic turn of events permitting kids to show positive practices. One show that has these characteristics is â€Å"Dora the Explorer† which features characters helping one another, helping different characters to accomplish errands, and being thoughtful by utilizing amiable language, for example, kindly and much obliged. Shows like â€Å"Dora the Explorer† furnish youngsters with an establishment of important fundamental abilities. Kids learn different fundamental abilities, for example, social jobs and connections through the substance of TV programming. TV characters through their associations show youngsters how to carry on inside specific circumstances. Review these collaborations give youngsters a rule of social practices in an assortment of circumstances that permit kids to respond to genuine circumstances likewise. The jobs are not constrained to explicit circumstances in adolescence, yet reach over the life expectancy. Youngsters use TV as a desire for genuine circumstances. A kid who sees family based projects will finish up a model of usefulness inside a family. A few shows depict families that are utilitarian while different shows depict broken families. These projects give youngsters a model to relate their own encounters. In the event that a kid originates from a useless family they may begrudge the lives of characters in working TV families. In different manners, when seeing a useless family on TV, a kid may discover new strategies to take care of issues inside their own family. Network shows, for example, â€Å"Reba† may give kids who are liable to separation and remarriage of their folks an approach to manage the new family life they experience. Likewise the sex jobs featured on TV furnish kids with desires they ought to follow in their own lives. For young ladies, TV may depict female jobs of characters as mother, guardian, and in many cases specialists. For young men, male character jobs might be depicted as father, stickler, and supporter of the family. These desires learned give a beneficial model a kid ought to achieve according to society. Thus, further down the road a child’s impression of social guidelines and jobs become some portion of their character and can get individualized. This permits a kid who wishes to turn into a medical attendant not to see this choice as degenerate. Another wellspring of aptitudes for achievement in life learned through TV is the procurement of information and scholastic abilities. â€Å"Children emulate their parental good examples that they love and trust; at that point they copy other good examples that probably won't be so worthy† (Kirkman, Wartella, and Anderson, 2008, p. 47). One subject matter present in TV programs focused toward kids is the acknowledgment and relationship of letters, numbers and words. Kids can be instructed at a youthful age the relationship between what they are introduced and cap they see, for example, the #1 and the letter A. Through the basic impression of these ideas a youngster learns auxiliary ideas, for example, perusing, composing, and that's just the beginning. Some programming supports the learning of unknown dialects, for example, Chinese Spanish and French by presenting kids to these dialects making these ideas amusing to learn. The procurement of every one of these abilities through TV happens in an aloof way. A kid doesn't understand they are learning the substance they see making TV a powerful outlet for educating. Another range of abilities instructed through TV is critical thinking through visual models. As youngsters see others settling on choices concerning genuine circumstances they can allude back to the result of a comparative circumstance they may have recently seen. This takes into account them to settle on taught decisions inside their own lives or encounters. Such projects show the procedure one must take in critical thinking, engaging them with the abilities to translate among good and bad. TV likewise presents a less alluring result for fruitful fundamental abilities. Youngsters who view content improper for their age battle with scholastics just as face explicit difficulties further down the road. As kids increase a comprehension of the substance they are viewing on TV the nearness of these battles starts to diminish in their persuasive quality. An impact recently referenced of youngsters impersonating practices saw on TV, if a kid learns and reflects resistant conduct toward power the impact won't just purpose horrible scores yet in addition dropping out of school. The kid will maintain a strategic distance from schoolwork assignments on account of the orders and cutoff times made by the educator. This rebellion of power prompts retaliations from executives, for example, principals and scholastic advisors. Another test to the scholastic existences of kids is the nearness of structure in schools. This battle exists since TV can be gotten to whenever though school has a particular timetable. A kid battles to center during these occasions. A significant reason for this distractedness is t

A Research Paper About The Book Of Exodus In The Bible - 1375 Words

A Research Paper About The Book Of Exodus In The Bible (Research Paper Sample) Content: Name:Instructor:Course:Date:EXODUSThe book of Exodus covers the story of Jews who came into Egypt under the influence of Joseph and then after at least 400 years of slavery they left Egypt under the leadership of Moses who was guided by God, known as Yahweh by the Jews (Barolsky, p.23). Additionally, this book also contains Gods law that He passed to the Jews to guide them on how they are supposed to relate to each other as well as their God, Yahweh.AuthorshipThere are plenty of intramural claims in the book of Exodus which directly correlate authorship to Moses. Moses is noted to record the entire story of Israels over the success they achieved over Amalek (Bird, p.167). Moses records the entire episode on a scroll (17:14). Also, Moses wrote the Ten Commandments under the instructions from God. The book of Exodus remarked that he recorded down everything Yahweh instructed him (24: 4), and the content that Moses wrote became part of the Book of Covenant. Also, in Exod us 17:14 The Lord revealed to Moses, compose this as a commemorative in a book and recount it in the ears of Joshua, that I will fully scar out the recall of Amalek from beneath heaven. All these intramural assertions are buoyed by a convincing correlation of Mosaic writing for the Pentateuch present in the other Old Testament books and in New Testament books as presented in the summary of the in the first books of the bible (Buonarroti, p.35). When one explores all the evidence that is present in the scripture together with aptitudes of Moses for the narration he recorded about the exodus of Jews and part of the work that entails books of Pentateuch, it is evident that Moses has a strong association to the authorship of the book of Exodus.Date of WritingsDisputes over the right date in which the Exodus book was written has been rising among various scholars, nevertheless, it can be traced that the writings could have occurred between 1445 and 1526 B.C. This is duration that is char acterized by the death of Joseph and ushering of a new Egyptian ruler who did not recognize the influence Joseph in Egypt. Exodus 12:40-41 remark that Israelites had lived in Egypt for a period of not less than 430 years before they left Egypt under the leadership of Moses. Additionally, it is crucial to note that Exodus 2 commences with the birth of Moses which had occurred 80 years before the exodus. It is quite challenging to extract the right duration the Israelites were in Egypt but it must be a duration that was more than 100 years in order to give an adequate time for the multiplication of Israelites in Egypt that was viewed as a threat by the Egyptians thus making the new King order for killing of Israelites sons. For that reason, it would be correct to state that the events in chapter 1 could have occurred between time periods of 230-250 years (Westermann, p. 298). The date of events of the exodus is also backed in the opening of the first books of the bible that were writt en by Moses where the time of birth is estimated to be approximate 1526 B.C as well as the construction of Tabernacle that occurred at 1445 before Jesus Christ was born. From this duration, one can comfortably state that various events that have been captured in the Book of Exodus which took place between1526 and 1446 before Jesus Christ was born which is a time margin of approximate 80 years.Salient Theological ThemesThe salient themes evident in the Book of Exodus revolves around the concept of establishing a long-lasting relationship between the Israelites and their Yahweh. In the entire Book of Exodus, three salient scriptural themes are evident: * Promise and Accomplishment. * The disclosure of God of Israel * The attributes of Yahweh as the supreme God who decrees over the countries and His people and imposes verdict on them as well as Yahweh of the covenant.Promise and AccomplishmentThe book of Exodus is centred on the accomplishment of the promises that Yahweh promised Abrah am as recorded in the Book of Genesis. The following are the incidences that point Gods promises to Abraham or prophecies that He made which are later realised in the Book of Exodus: The promise of abundant nation- this was a promise that was made by God to Abraham that he will be a father a great nation which came to be fulfilled as depicted by Israelites becoming very productive and multiplication of their generation in great numbers in a foreign land (Steinberg, p.213). This information is recorded in the Book of Exodus 1:7. The significance of this theme is that it accords Yahweh as a God who fulfils His promises and He is determined to ensure he delivers His people from the hands of the enemies.The revelation of YahwehThis is another theme that is dominant in the book of Exodus where Yahweh is revealed through the names that are assigned to Him. God is revealed as El Shaddai which is translated to denote God Almighty. The use of this name depicts Yahweh as a God who is more pow erful than any other deity that is available on earth (Meyer, p.123). Also, God revealed Himself to Moses and asserted that He is Yahweh which is translated to mean I am Who I am which symbolised that God is an active almighty One. The significance of Gods attributes was well understood through the revelation of this name in the book of Exodus where God was portrayed as a redeemer, covenant maker with His people and also an active participant who is determined to ensure His promises are fulfilled (Rzepińska, p. 256).The manifestation of Yahweh as a fair JudgeYahweh called Moses and sent him to Egypt along with Aaron to inform Pharaoh to let the Israelites leave Egypt for Yahweh had heard their prayers and it was time for Him to deliver them from the bondage of slavery they were being subjected to by the Egyptians (Patella, p.126). God performed miracles to convince Pharaoh to let the Israelites leave Egypt but the stubbornness of Pharaoh attracted a severe ...

Breast Cancer Case Study - 929 Words

Discussion In the present study, we found that rate of pCR to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 24.7% (n=25) in the whole cohort (n=101). This finding was consistent with the range of pCR rates to prospective randomized trials of preoperative chemotherapy of 15%-40% mentioned in the literature (Burstein et al., 2008). Moreover, high Ki-67 expression (cutoff 14%) was significantly correlated with achieving a pCR in the large cohort (p=0.016). This result matched with the finding of several studies that reported that high Ki-67 expression was associated with higher response rates to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer (Keam et al., 2011). Also, our study revealed that TNBC patients accounted for about 23% of the whole cohort of invasive†¦show more content†¦Similarly, Liu et al. (2013) gave 7 cycles of platinum-based neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in 717 patients, of whom 31% were TNBC, and found that the clinical complete response (cCR) rate and the pathological complete response (pCR) rates were significantly higher in TNBC group than in non-TNBC one. However, the low pCR rate achieved by our TNBC cases was close to that reported in a small study at Dana Farber Cancer Institute, where 26 TNBC patients received six cycles of neoadjuvant single-agent cisplatin, and only4 (15%) achieved complete response (CR), after exclusion of two cases with BRCA mutation (Silver et al., 2010). Similarly, Bidard et al., reported a pCR rate of 17% in a relatively large cohort of TNBC group (n=120) receiving a combined neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen composed of cyclophosphamide, epirubicin and 5-fluorouracil (CEF) for 4 to 6 cycles (Bidard et al., 2008). Our low pCR rate in TNBC subgroup might be also explained by the type of chemotherapeutic agents that had been used. Rocca and colleagues conducted a retrospective analysis of core biopsies of patients with breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy in breast cancer and showed that administration of cisplatin without anthracyclines yielded a higher rate of pCR in patients with p63-positive tumors (Rocca et al., 2008). Again, our low pCR rate in TNBC might be also explained by the heterogeneousShow MoreRelatedBreast Cancer Case Study1234 Words   |  5 Pagesultimately lead to the progression of oral cancer. (Lee et al, 2010). c‑myc was among the first oncogenes found to be amplified in breast cancer, and it can contribute to many other forms of cancer (Victoria and Michael, 2007). It is a critical downstream effector of the Wnt/TCF pathway in colon cancer and activation of Myc might play a predominant role in the pathogenesis of tumors like pediatric hepatoblastoma (Sansom et al, 2007; Cairo et al, 2008). A study done in south Indian population has shownRead MoreBreast Cancer Case Study803 Words   |  4 Pagessecondary organs fibronectin expression is upregulated by primary tumors via resident fibroblasts, which serves as a docking site for VEGFR1+ hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) clusters and secondary seeding. During metastasis of breast cancer to lung, interaction of VCAM-1+ cancer cells with VLA-4-expressing macrophages, activates PI3K/Akt signaling in tumor cells, protecting them from caspase-induced apoptosis. Bone metastasis is also facilitated by interaction of VCAM1 with different integrin partnerRead MoreBreast Cancer Case Study1306 Words   |  6 Pagesmetastases have caused substantial mortality and morbidity in cancer patients. Approximately 15% of women with breast cancer will be diagnosed with brain metastases (Zakaria et al., 2014). With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, the quality of the patient’s life could be enhanced. Therefore, it is vital for patients with a known primary tumour to undergo imaging studies once they develop neurological signs and symptoms. Imaging studies aid to accurately identify the type, number, size, and locationRead MoreEssay on Breast Cancer Case Study642 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Luis F Vega Jr NUR 1211 Breast Cancer Case Study Mrs. Thomas, a 57 year old married lawyer, was found to have a 4 X 6 cm firm, fixed mass in the upper, outer quadrant of the right breast during a routine physical examination, and a stereotactic core biopsy indicated a malignant tumor. Although the surgeon recommended a mastectomy because of the size of the tumor, Mrs. Thomas chose to have a lumpectomy. Now three weeks postoperative, she is scheduled for chemotherapy. Subjective Data NeverRead MoreAdult Case Study : Male Breast Cancer3050 Words   |  13 Pages Adult Case Study: Male Breast Cancer Carly Regan Loyola University Chicago Introduction Overview When the topic of breast cancer is discussed in conversation, most will think of it as a female diagnosis. While the greatest percentages of patients diagnosed with breast cancer are female, it is still possible that males can be diagnosed. It is a diagnosis that practitioners should always keep in the back of their minds as a differential when a male presentsRead MoreBreat Cancer Screening Essay1514 Words   |  7 PagesBREAST CANCER SCREENING DR. DANA MORTEZ ARLECIA PURVIS JULY 17, 2011 Current research shows mammograms are stronger than in the past. In a recent study it has confirmed that mammograms benefit for women in their forties and fifties. Women feel confident about the benefits that are associated with a regular mammograms for finding cancer early. However, mammograms can have their limitations. A mammogram will miss some cancers, and it sometimes can leadRead MoreThe Treatment Of Breast Cancer1309 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease occurring in women in Saudi society. After study and research, it found that two-thirds of the injuries in the Saudi society are diagnosed in advanced stages. The reasons for that are the lack of education for necessary of Self-examination and clinical examination annual, leading to the spread of the disease further. In addition to genetic changes, environmental pollution, bad lifestyle , Obesity ,Lack of exercise are also factorsRead MoreGenome Wide Association Studies Essay1142 Words   |  5 Pageswide association study has been very useful in the recent years. It has helped researchers to detect genes that are not detected that easily. With the detection, it helps the researchers to prevent and treat the particular disease. Breast cancer has been one of the most common cancer in the world and the most common in women. Even though, breast cancer is detected easily with mammograms or self examination there are times where it c an be hard to detect. Genome wide association studies help to identifyRead MoreBreast Cancer : A Malignant Tumor1203 Words   |  5 PagesChapter I - Introduction Breast cancer is defined as a malignant tumor in the cells of the breast. A cancerous tumor develops when a group of malignant cells invade the tissue surrounding the breast and can spread to other parts of the body (Cancer.org, 2015). This type of cancer is most common in women. However, men can also fall victim to the disease. In 2015, about 230,000 new cases of breast cancer will be diagnosed in women and approximately 40,000 women will die from this disease (CancerRead MoreStrength Of Association1146 Words   |  5 Pagesrule out causality and may still be of significant effect on the disease under study. This is applied in a case where the exposure is in a common population. For instance passive smoking and lung cancer (Risk Ratio: 1.3) (Morein Stuart, n.d). Consistency: Repeated observation of an association in a different population under different circumstances showing the same results suggests that the results of a single study are not due to chance. Criticism: This should be applied cautiously to avoid chances

Police Corruption in America Essay - 1699 Words

Police Corruption in America The police officer stands at the top of the criminal justice system in a nation where crime rates are high and where the demands for illegal goods and services are widespread. These conditions create a situation in which the police officer is confronted with opportunity to accept a large number of favors or grants. Police corruption occurs in many forms and observers of police behavior agree that it falls into nine specific areas. Drug related police corruption differs from other types of police corruption. In addition to protecting criminals or ignoring their activities, officers involved in drug related corruption were more likely to be involved in stealing drugs and/or money from drug dealers,†¦show more content†¦Unbelievably, there are cases of corruption that are far worse. Two have been charged with keeping a brothel, for which they are alleged to have kidnapped a 15-year-old virgin. Another officer set up a childrens home, which he advertised as a charity. Charl ies Shelter in fact offered young boys for sex. The local police record an unusual number of suicides and mysterious incidents of heart failure. One detective failed to notice that a tourist, whom he diagnosed as having been beaten to death, had been shot at point-blank range. Perhaps the officer in question was distracted by the strain of managing his second-hand car business. The people in charge of the police organizations are not blind to what is going on; some are just too scared to admit that there are corrupt officers in their force. Others may just really not know what is going on while the rest are either involved in the corruption or speaking up and trying to stop the dishonesty. For example, Roy Penrose, director-general of a new squad, warned the public that a small but significant number of officers were known to be selling police information and aiding former officers and criminals as to the whereabouts of safe havens where they could go unharmed in dealing in their drug trades. He pledged to be ruthless in sacking corrupt and incompetent officers (Welch, p 13). James Wood, a formerShow MoreRelated Police Corruption in America2871 Words   |  12 Pages Police Corruption in America The missions statement of police agencies usually highlight with pride the maintenance, promotion, and protection of peace, order, safety, and justified law enforcement in communities and the entire nation. Police officers are agents meant to bust crimes and get the bad guys. The police agency that the public use to lean on as the legitimate authority figure to come to the rescue however has created conflicting public perception. The misconduct of some policeRead MoreProhibition And The Prohibition Of America1298 Words   |  6 PagesThe prohibition was a divided experiment that unintentionally brought organized crime, flourished the presence of speakeasies in America and created a high rise of criminals in America. The backfiring of the prohibition brought America an uprising in organized crime; criminals and the consumption, manufacturing and selling of alcohol became more expensive and profitable to those involved. Silk suits, guns, money and booze were the popular creden tials amongst the finest in the bootlegging and mobRead MoreCorruption of Foreign Governments Essay1214 Words   |  5 PagesCorruption can be defined as the misuse of entrusted power for personal benefit. It can also be described as letting personal or family relationships influence economic decision making, be it by private economic agents or by government officials. Corruption is always kept secret and therefore individual behavior of corrupt agents is almost impossible to observe systematically in real life. The objectives of government are vital to the understanding of the diverse negative effectsRead MoreThe Positive Relationship Between Public Officials and Corruption 1384 Words   |  6 Pagestrouble. Police officers are part of a branch in law enforcement that helps contribute in the enforcement of certain restrictions and rules to the society in transforming and keeping it a healthy environment. Law officials have been in existence for the majority of the time, but have now been bribed into letting particular situations slide by. It has converted into controversial issue and common situation, where now it is possible to be seen anywhere. What ever happened to those police officersRead MorePolice corruption770 Words   |  4 Pagesdefinition of Police corruption is a specific form of police misconduct designed to obtain financial gain, other personal gain, or career advancement for a police officer or officers in exchange for not pursuing, or selectively pursuing, an investigation or arrest. One common form of police corruption is taking bribes in exchange for not reporting organized drug or prostitution rings or other illegal activities. Another example is police officers misusing the police code of conductRead MoreUnethical Police Operations1099 Words   |  5 PagesUnethical Police Operations When a Police Officer abuses his authority, it is called police misconduct. Police misconduct is a broad term used to describe police corruption and police brutality which include violations of state and federal laws, the violation of an individual’s constitutional rights, the abuse of police authority for personal gain, excessive force, false arrest and imprisonment, malicious prosecution, and wrongful death. Police misconduct can often lead to the miscarriage of justiceRead MoreThe Crime Of The Police Essay1629 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction When we think of the police, we normally think of the brave men and women out on the street, enforcing the law, catching criminals, helping out the public in cases of emergency and making us feel safe in general. Most of the Police in most of the world is like that which is a good thing, However in the United States of America the police here are a bit more ruthless. Most of the police officers are very nice people and they really do want to help out in their community, but unfortunatelyRead MoreEssay on Police Brutality and Corruption681 Words   |  3 PagesPolice Brutality and Corruption Corruption in policing is viewed as the misuse of authority by a police officer acting officially to fulfill his/her personal needs or wants. There are two distinct elements of corruption; 1) misuse of authority, 2) personal attainment. The occupational subculture of policing is a major factor in both creating police corruption, by initiating officers into corrupt activities, and sustaining it, by covering up corrupt activities by other officers. Police corruptionRead MoreAn Eyewitness Of Police Brutality Essay1742 Words   |  7 Pagesgood and the bad. I am an eyewitness of police brutality that has taken place on a daily basis there. There are several individuals in Baltimore who have no respect for the police at all and the reason is they feel as if the police officers have no respect for them. A Baltimore resident by the name Freddie Gray died from a spinal injury at the hands of police during an arrest on April 2015. Trust he was the not the first who was injured or killed in police custody in Baltimore. â€Å"$5.7 million is theRead MorePolice Misconduct And The Criminal Justice System1039 Words   |  5 PagesPolice unethical operations, imposes high cost on police, the criminal justice system, and society. Criminal activity by a police officer undermines the basic integrity of law enforcement and the grounds which the laws were based on. Regardless if an officer takes a small bribe or is involve in a drug trade, the corruption forever change the relationship between communities and the face of justice. . . Unethical Police Operation When a Police Officer abuses his authority, it is called police

Threats To Auditors Independence

Question: Discuss about the Threats To Auditors Independence. Answer: Threat of Intimidation and Advocacy In this case, Clarke Johnson (auditor firm) is politely threatened by its client Luxury Travel Holidays (LTH) that if Geoff (audit partner of CJ) does not promote its business at an upcoming seminar, then CJ will not be reappointed as the auditor. This is a clear threat of intimidation because LTH is imposing a forced reappointment cancellation to deprive CJ to undertake subsequent audits and hence hurting its revenues indirectly. If CJ agrees to the terms of LTH, then this poses a serious threat to its independence as the auditor of LTH. Firstly, providing such non-audit services is not justifiable, and if Geoff does promote LTH, then it leads to advocacy threat (Flood, 2017). Consequences Due to this risk the audit firm will be discouraged from acting unbiasedly due to perceived or actual pressures, including efforts to exercise unwarranted influence over CJ and Geoff. Moreover, if Geoff agrees to promote LTHs business as unduly asked by the client, then there will be a threat that CJ and Geoff will expand LTHs business to the extent that their objectivity gets compromised. Shareholders will find it difficult to trust the audit reports, and CJs reputation of an independent auditor will be at stake (Flood, 2017). Safeguards Refuse to accept the offer Refuse to accept reappointment until the condition is not eliminated Refuse to stand for reappointment Threat of Self-Interest LTHs offer of free expensive holiday package to Geoff and another member of the team gives birth to a threat of self-interest to objectivity as the gift might influence the judgment of CJ in favor of LTH. In assessing how significance is this threat, issues like the monetary value and nature of gift, and the hospitality offered to Geoff and another member, plus the motive behind the proposal needs to be considered (Gray and Manson, 2007). Consequences The threat in the current scenario of any financial or another type of interest is likely to sway the professional accountants objectivity, judgment and behaviour inappropriately. LTHs intention behind such expensive gifts is also made explicit by the company. They want the next year audit to be smooth. This is indirect bribery which if accepted by CJ which impair the objectivity of their audit report. This is because receiving the gifts would form a familiarity which will lead to self-interest threat (Gray and Manson, 2007). Safeguards: Refusing to accept the holiday package apparently Ask LTH not to extend such gifts and hospitality treatments in future Creating a policy that will restrict any member of the audit team to receive any kind of unreasonable gifts and will restrict the client to extend any such absurd Threat of Self-Interest, Familiarity and Intimidation Close personal ties among audit team members and an employee or owner of the client firm is likely to result in threats of self-interest, familiarity and intimidation to objectivity as that member of the audit team will not be appropriately skeptical of, and is likely to be sympathetic toward the employee with whom he/she has a relation. In assessing the significance of the threat present in the case, the seniority of the audit team member and of the clients employee must be considered, because the threat becomes more significant with senior people involved as they have greater influence over these things (Livne, 2011). In the present case, Michael, a fresh accountant who is being contemplated to be on the audit team is related to the client company because his father is the financial controller of LTH. Consequences - The threat of self-interest and familiarity will crop up here in the sense that Michael is not likely to objectively review the accounts because his father is employed at a senior position in the company and that too in the finance department. If any inconsistency with the accounts is found, his fathers job may be at stake. There is also a change that LTH may try to influence Michaels judgment by threatening his father about the future of his job. This will give rise of the threat of intimidation, and all these are likely to induce Michael into giving a favourable report for LTH. He may even try to influence other members of the audit team to do the same (Williams, 2016). Safeguards: Michael must not be made part of the audit team He may help with other accounts work but not the core audit of LTH If Michael is involved in the audit team, then his work should be reviewed to identify discrepancy if any Threat of Complacency, Familiarity, Self-Review and Social Bonding When the auditor becomes too trusting or sympathetic of the client due to a close relationship with the management and employees, then social bonding and familiarity threat is likely to creep in. Familiarity leads to complacency wherein the auditor does not practice scepticism and is too sure that everything with the clients account is accurate. Moreover, when an auditor has to re-assess work done by him/her the threat of self-review emerges because he/she again becomes complacent and does not practice objectivity in reviewing own work (Basu, 2010). The present situation also involves the same case as Annette has worked with LTH and has close relationships with people in the client company. Consequences Due to her close relationships with the client firm and its employees, Annette is likely to be sympathetic to LTHs interests and may be very accepting of their work. Moreover, as she was working with the company till a month ago helping in tax calculations and accounting entries, there is a high probability of the existence of self-review and complacency threat. Resultantly, she may overlook rechecking the tax calculations and account entries, thereby impair her objectivity as an auditor (ACCA, 2012). Safeguards: If Annette is involved in the audit team, then re-checking her work because it is bound to have discrepancies Instructing other audit team members to practice extra scepticism and not become complacent. Cross-checking Annettes last transactions with LTH to ensure she does not have any financial interest in the company anymore and not receiving any unreasonable perks. Business Risks Inherent risks and control risks are the two main business risks that Crampton and Hassan would like to consider in planning the 2015 audit. On purchase of equipment, it is possible that the return on such a huge investment may not seem justifiable at the end of the payback period. Moreover, the equipment might lose its utility after a few years and result in impairment due to non-utilization. This constitutes the inherent risk. Control risk relates to the loss arising out of the inadequacies and incompetence of the companys internal system to effectively manage and protect the assets (Longenecker et al., 2013). Audit Risks Relating to the Business Risks The audit risk pertaining to internal risks is the misstatement of the asset in books of account. It is crucial to identify that the assets are recorded on correct cost basis or not. It must be ensured that the company has capitalized all costs pertaining to the acquisition and continuing use of equipment. Moreover, another audit risk relating to inherent risk is recognition of the complexity of book value computations (Saita, 2010). As far as audit risk in relation to control risk is concerned, it must be made sure that the asset management has been allocated to the correct person and there is sufficient infrastructural backup to support the asset and prevent its wear and tear. References ACCA. 2012. A question of ethics. [pdf]. Available through: https://www.accaglobal.com/content/dam/acca/global/PDF-students/2012s/sa_nov12_p7_ethics.pdf. [Accessed on 22nd April 2017]. Basu., 2010. Fundamentals of Auditing. Pearson Education. Flood, M. J., 2017. Wiley Practitioner's Guide to GAAS 2017: Covering All SASs, SSAEs, SSARSs, and Interpretations. John Wiley Sons. Gray, I. and Manson, S., 2007. The Audit Process: Principles, Practice and Cases. Cengage Learning EMEA. Livne, G., 2011. Threats to Auditor Independence and Possible Remedies. [Online]. Available through: https://www.financepractitioner.com/auditing-best-practice/threats-to-auditor-independence-and-possible-remedies?full#s4. [Accessed on 22nd April 2017]. Longenecker, G. J., Petty, W., Palich, E. L. and Hoy, F., 2013. Small Business Management. Cengage Learning. Saita, F., 2010. Value at Risk and Bank Capital Management: Risk Adjusted Performances, Capital Management and Capital Allocation Decision Making. Academic Press. Williams, T. L., 2016. The Impact of Disclosing Auditor Independence and Tenure on Non-professional Investor Judgment and Decision-making.

VENEZUELAS ECONOMY AS A WHOLE Essays - Venezuela,

VENEZUELA'S ECONOMY AS A WHOLE ECONOMY Venezuela is rich in oil and other mineral resources. Its per capita income is about average for Latin America. The country's public external debt (excluding the obligations of the central bank and PDVSA, the parastatal oil company) stood at approximately $26.5 billion in 1996. The economy grew by 4.5% in real terms in 1997. Consumer prices rose only 37.6% in 1997 compared to the record 103% of 1996. The government is hoping for inflation of 24% during 1998. The Venezuelan economy is making a comeback under the Agenda Venezuela, propelled primarily by the opening of the petroleum sector to foreign investment (the apertura), a far-reaching privatization program, and plans to reform public sector operations. Oil prices have shown a continual decline since 1996, which is serving to erode the budgetary surplus from 4.5% in 1996 to an estimated 1.5% in 1997. In July 1996, the Venezuelan Government and the IMF formally announced a $1.4 billion stand-by loan. The World Bank and Inter-American Development Bank are also contributing to efforts to promote fundamental structural reforms--in the judiciary, electoral system, and social security/severance pay programs. Petroleum and Other Resources Venezuela's economy is dominated by petroleum, and the country is a founding member of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). In 1997, this sector accounted for more than one-quarter of GDP, almost three-quarters of export earnings, and almost half of central government's revenues. Most of Venezuela's energy exports consist of crude oil, but the country is also the United States' leading foreign source of refined petroleum products. The Government of Venezuela has opened up much of the hydrocarbon sector to foreign investment, promoting the establishment of massive new petrochemical joint ventures and reactivation of inactive fields. The Venezuelan petroleum corporation and foreign oil companies signed eight contracts for exploration and production joint ventures in July 1996. These contracts are expected to generate over $15 billion in foreign investment. A range of other natural resources, including iron ore, diamonds, coal, bauxite, hydroelectric power, gold, and nickel are in various stages of development. In 1996, CVG, the state-owned mining firm, announced its first joint venture with a foreign company to develop the Las Cristinas gold mine. Congress is also considering legislation which would update Venezuela's 1945 mining law in an effort to encourage greater private sector participation in mineral extraction. Manufacturing, Agriculture, and Trade Manufacturing contributed 15.6% of GDP in 1997. The manufacturing sector grew slightly (2.2%) in direct contrast with the contraction in 1996. Venezuela manufactures and exports steel, aluminum, textiles, apparel, beverages, and foodstuffs. It also produces cement, tires, paper, and fertilizers, and assembles cars for both the domestic and export market. The Agenda Venezuela envisions the privatization of a range of state-owned enterprises, including banks. Agriculture accounts for 4% of GDP, 12% of the labor force, and 24% of Venezuela's land area. Venezuela exports beef, rice, coffee, and cocoa. However, the country is not self-sufficient in most areas of agricultural production and imports about 60% of food consumed. In 1996, U.S. firms exported approximately $475 million of agricultural products including wheat, soybeans, corn, soymeal, and cotton to Venezuela, our third-largest agricultural export market in Latin America. The U.S. usually accounts for slightly more than a third of Venezuela's food imports. Thanks to petroleum exports, Venezuela usually posts a trade surplus. In recent years, non-traditional (i.e. non-petroleum) exports have been growing rapidly but still constitute only about one-fourth of total exports. The United States is Venezuela's leading trade partner. During the first 10 months of 1997, the United States registered $3.0 billion in exports (about 38% of Venezuela's total) and purchased $12.9 billion in imports (about 55% of Venezuela's total). Venezuela's trade with other Andean Pact members, particularly Colombia, is growing in importance. Labor and Infrastructure Venezuela's labor force of about 8.8 million is growing faster than total employment. At the end of 1997, official unemployment was 12.8%, but unofficial estimates are higher. The public sector employs 14% of the work force, while less than 1% work in the capital-intensive oil industry. About 25% of the labor force is unionized. Unions are particularly strong in the public sector. Venezuela has an extensive road system. With the exception of air service, transportation and communications have failed to keep pace with the country's needs. Much of the infrastructure suffers from inadequate maintenance.

Salmonella Gastroenteritis essays

Salmonella Gastroenteritis essays There are many diseases that are caused by viruses, or bacteria. Diseases can be classified in many different ways. They could be very harmful, or acute. Salmonella Gastroenteritis is an illness that is caused by bacteria, which has three different types of shapes. Salmonella is an illness that is not deadly, or very harmful. In most cases the illness is acute, and is deadly, or extremely harmful in rare cases. Imagine being Salmonella bacteria, traveling through an individuals body. What kind of processes and obstacles would one go through? As a Salmonella bacteria, I am found in undercooked foods, such as; eggs, and turkey. In other cases I may originate from pet reptiles, like iguanas, turtles, lizards, and snakes. Bacteria like me could be found in many harsh conditions as well. They are found in both fresh and saltwater, in air, in soil, in water, and in plants, and animals. Individuals with impaired immune systems and people with very old, are young age be aware of bacteria like me. You are my favorite victims. The structure of bacteria that are related to me, are either prokaryotic, or eukaryotic. Prokaryotes do not contain a nucleus, but instead have structure called a nucleoid. The nucleoid carries the DNA in the cell. Furthermore, some bacteria may contain plasmids, which are smaller circular segments of DNA. The other bacterias are capable of movement as well. Some bacteria move with the aid of flagella, like in eukaryotes. On the other hand in Prokaryotes the flagella do not contain microtubules, and instea d have strands of protein twisted around one another like strands of rope. When I invade an individual's body, I attack their system quickly, and cause many unpleasant symptoms. I have entered the body of a thirty year old woman. She has just eaten eggs for breakfast, and forgot to cook the eggs well. Thus I was not killed, and I had the ability to enter her system. Being Salmonella bacteria, I wil...

How does Marc Webb's (500) Days of Summer qualify as a new narrative Essay

How does Marc Webb's (500) Days of Summer qualify as a new narrative - Essay Example Pop culture references of the film greatly contribute to the overall feel of the movie as a New Narrative. The first observable feature of the film is the sequence of events. It does not follow the linear narrative as what other movies do. Although the characters could resemble a next door neighbor, their beliefs are likewise, not typical. Mostly in other movies with the same genre as (500) Days, it is the female characters who are seen to be in the depressive mood every time there is a break-up. On the contrary, Summer, the female lead character possesses a more masculine outlook about love, believing that there is no such thing as â€Å"true love† and is not interested in finding a boyfriend. In one of the scenes where Tom, Summer, and another character were having a conversation, he referred to Summer as â€Å"She’s a dude† (Webb). Tom, on the other hand, is a hopeless romantic. There was even a scene where the ecstatic feeling of Tom was portrayed in a way th at it involves the whole setting of the film. A series of dance routines and an appearance of a cartooned bird were used to serve as exaggeration elements to connote Tom’s happiness. A distinct characteristic of New Narrative is its emphasis on sex and emotions.

Poems that Speak of Men's Minds Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Poems that Speak of Men's Minds - Essay Example Based on the titles alone, the two poems obviously talk about ball games. However, Updike is more specific in referring to basketball as he identifies the central character in his poem as a former basketball player. In contrast, Williams talks about the attitude of an audience at a ball game. Thus, although the two poems deal with the same subject matter, each has its own focus and each provides a different view of the human psyche. Comparing the two poems, Updike’s is easier to understand because of its style and language. Conversely, Williams’s use of metaphors makes the poem more difficult to comprehend yet more challenging to analyze. Updike is noted for the use of narration in his poems. Just like in his other poems, Updike uses a narrative element to express his view about ball games. The poem appears in free verse, making it easier to read and appear more realistic. The narrative element of the poem features the main character named Flick who used to be a basketb all player in high school. Like any story, the characterization is developed, giving the audience enough idea about Flick. The lines, â€Å"He was good: in fact, the best. In ’46/He bucketed three hundred ninety points† (14-15) prove the success of Flick as a basketball player. ... The persona claims that he has seen Flick set the records. This style makes the author appear as if he had known Flick since they were young, hence establishing the credibility of the writer in writing about the character and further persuading the audience to share the thoughts and feelings he has regarding the subject. Some lines of the poem talk about the achievements of Flick. These lines render a positive image of the character. However, the said lines are only used to emphasize the point of the author that there is no future in playing basketball or that a person’s popularity and skills in the field of sports will not make him win in life. To impart this message, Updike narrates how Flick ends up in blue-collared jobs working as a gas station boy, repairman, and diner despite his overwhelming basketball records. Updike does not actually elaborate on his personal views regarding the fate of Flick. Nevertheless, he uses irony and understatement to imply the bad luck that F lick ends up with. To illustrate his view, Updike uses understatement, thus: â€Å"He never learned a trade, he just sells gas, checks oil, and changes flats†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Updike 19-20). These lines do not exactly move the audience to sympathize with Flick. Rather, they present a sad ending that the author may have observed in people like Flick, those who were once popular in school but ended up unsuccessful because they do not have other skills or expertise aside from playing ball games. Updike elaborates his view by using imagery such as â€Å"Flick stands tall among the idiot pumps—â€Å"(Updike 13) â€Å"without a head at all† (Updike 18). This is an indirect comparison between Flick and

Is fundamental analysis redundant Essay Example for Free

Is fundamental analysis redundant Essay Introduction Shortly after the stock market crash in 1929, as the first batch of financial experts in the Great Wall, Benjamin Graham and David Dodd firstly mentioned the concept in a book called security analysis: Based on public information that intelligent investors are able to analyse securities and determine whether the current price of stocks and bonds is over or below their intrinsic value. The Critical thinking and strong logic make this theory become the foundation of nearly all investments theories in Wall Street. Warren Buffett, John Neff, Peter Lynch and other famous investors become the  best practitioners in fundamental analysis. This essay will firstly introduce the related theories of fundamental analysis. Secondly, the essay will explain free cash flow model to equity valuation and the qualitative and quantitative factors of fundamental analysis. Thirdly, choosing a particular company analyses the relationships between the leading financial ratios and its stock price. Finally, indicating why financial ratios and free cash flow model cannot explain Berkshire Hathaway cooperation’s stock price changed during global financial crisis. Theory Aasuumption Metholody Theory Fundamental analysis which is based on analyzing the intrinsic value of securities, focuses on factors affecting the stock price and its trend and lets investors determine what type of securities they choose to buy and when to buy. (Lee and Swaminathan 1999, 8 )The basic assumption of fundamental analysis is that value investors believe that the market price is determined by its intrinsic value and the stock price can reflect its intrinsic value in the long term. Cash flow model Fundamental analysts use cash flow model, dividend model to roughly estimate a company’s intrinsic value. They assume that the stock price of the intrinsic value is its present value of the stream of expected cash flows and the selected reference values are based on generating the cash flow data. For example, using free cash flow model to measure intrinsic value, investors firstly assume the observed company can increase at constant rate and then choose the reference value based on a constant growth rate (g)to estimate free cash flow the next 10 years. Secondly, they calculate the present value of the 10-year cash flow based on the constantly discounted rate (k). Secondly, they estimate the terminal value P10=free cash flow*(1+g)/(k-g) and calculate its present value. Thirdly, they get the present value of the company and calculate pre- share value: equity value/numbers of shares. Rational investors can make well-informed investment decisions according to the relationship betw een market price and intrinsic value. Qualitative factors On the company level, fundamental analysis focused on two factors: qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative and quantitative analyses have a dialectical relationship. Both analyses should join together to analysis and inspect on a particular company. Although qualitative analysis is used for physical areas, with the usage to tackle non-financial information, it can be widely useful in business and finance fields.(kesh and Raja 2005, 167) The qualitative analysis of the company level is concerned with products and services, competitive advantage, management efficiency, corporate culture. Advanced products can get increasing cash inflows and improve company value (Carter and Demissew 2008, 63) because booming demand for products and services can lead to a high reinvestment rate of the company, this creates additional wealth.( Madden 2007, 125) Competitive advantage can includes producing capacity and the efficiency of a company’s design and cost controlling better than the industry’s competitors. Generating a competitive advantage for a company will creates stakeholder value. (Vilanova, Lozano and Arenas 2009, 63) The improvement of management efficiency can lower operating costs and company culture can enhance corporate image, leading to improvement of company value. Quantitative factors The quantitative factors in fundamental analysis are based on a deep understanding of financial reports which is the process of identifying opportunities and threats from the company, so investors must be concerned with the balance sheet, cash flow statement and income statement analysis. Financial statements consist of all important historical information about the company’s operation management during a specific time period (quarterly, annually). All these information provide an overview of a company’s business activities and can help managers assess the company’s wellbeing. (Dayanandan 2010, 116) Financial statement Different users are interested in different areas of the financial statements. For example, investors and equity holders are concerned with  expected earnings and dividends of the observed companies. Company’s executives usually focus on the company’s capacity. Therefore, based on historical reports, different users can get valuable information about what they concentrate on. Financial statement analysis includes selected data from financial statements to predict the company’s financial health.( Hagos and Pal 2010, 441) Applying these data from financial reports, such as profitability ratio, liquidity ratio, management efficiency ratio, debt ratio, market performance ratio analyses year by year to determine whether to buy or sell observed companies. Based on analyzing financial statements, financial analysts are able to use profitability ratio, including gross margin, ROE to indicate how efficiently revenue is generated. The liquidity ratio such as current ratio, net working capital can be used to prove the firm’s ability to generate sufficient liquidity when needed and to meet short term obligations. For example, current ratio is an indicator as a rate of current assets to current liabilities. It measures the liquidity status of a company. With a higher current ratio over time, this company will be able to meet its current obligations and experience less financial risk.( Zaki, Bah and Rao 2011, 315) Table1 Sourced by Berkshire Year ROE Total asset turnover Debt/equity P/E P/B closed Price 2003 0.105 0.588 1.32 12.7 1.34 $84280 2004 0.085 0.394 1.20 18.8 1.6 $87900 2005 0.093 0.412 1.16 15.5 1.45 $88620 2006 0.102 0.397 1.27 12.5 1.27 $109990 Table 1 above shows the some figures provided by Berkshire corporation’s annual report from 2003 to 2006. During this period, the stock price has a significant increase from $67600 in Jan 2rd, 2003 to $109990 in Dec 1st, 2006. And from 2003 to 2006, Berkshire Hathaway Inc’s net worth is $13.6billion, $8.3billion, $5.6billion and 16.9billion respectively. Graph1: Berkshire Hathaway(BRK) Inc’s stock price between 2003 and 2006 Sourced by yahoo finance The increase of Net worth can indicate the stock price’s change during this period. The gain in net worth during 2003 was $13.6billion, which increased the per-share book value of its stock by 21% from $41727 to $50498. Because of good quarterly reports and an annual report, the stock price reflected the company’s performance, rising from $67600 to $89490. However, between 2004 and 2005, the gain in net worth increased $8.3billion and $5.6billion. Although in 2004 Berkshire’s book-value gain of 10.5% fell short of the index’s 10.9% return, the net worth fell from $13.6billion to $8.3billion, leading to fluctuation of the stock price during 2004. In 2005, the net worth fell to $5.6 billion because hurricane caused loss worth of $34billion. And in the stock market, the price fluctuated and even slightly increased. However, the price reflected the company’s performance. As a multi-business company, its main business-insurance company called GEICO improved its management efficiency at nearly 32% and warranty numbers increased by 26%. On the other hand, insurance float of BRK’s insurance company increased from 46 billion to 49 billion. Due to the capital cost rate of mostly 0% and improving competitiveness, its stock price rose sharply. Financial ratios (price to book ratio and earnings per share ratio) measure share price compared to earnings, book value per share and indicate whether the market overvalues, undervalues and appropriately values the firm’ shares. Managers use to assess investors’ perceptions of future prospects. Some investors invest in stock market based on analyzing financial statements. Table2 Table2 shows mainly the relationship between the book value and stock price. Financial analysts are willing to use book value to measure the stock price. From the table 2 above, the book value of the Berkshire Hathaway increases from $14426 in 1995to $70281 in 2006 and the companys stock movements, rising from $31900 in 1995 to $110050 in 2006. In addition to particular years, these two charts reflect clearly whether a short term or a long term, the trend of the book value and stock price is roughly the same. In the long term, the growth rate of the net worth is a useful indicator to justify intrinsic value. From 1995 to 2006, the net worth of Berkshire Hathaway’s  net worth increased from $5.3billion to $16.9billion, more than 3.18 times growth during the period. Stock price had increased 3.44 times with book value 4.87 times. Although 1n 1999, the net worth fell to 0.358billion, in the long term, this company still had a significant increase in its stock market performance . Analysts also can apply activity ratios such as total asset turnover ratio and average payment ratio period to measure management effectiveness in managing its assets and to determine whether the investment in particular asset categories is too high or too low and also find out the efficiency or speed in converting accounts to sales or cash. (Dayanandan 2010, 114)Debt ratios such as debt to equity ratio and debt ratio can indicate financial leverage and the apparent financial risk assumed by the firm’s equity holders. Application Dow Jones Graph2 Dow Jones industrial index Sourced by yahoo finance Graph2 shows the change of Dow Jones industrial index before, during and after global financial crisis. The global financial crisis started in 2007 because the burst of housing bubble caused credit crisis especially in the debt markets.( McCarthy, Solomonand Mihalekl 2012, 1277 ) the stock market highly violated between 2007 and 2009. For example, in United States, the stock market increased to the peak in October 2007 with the Dow Jones Industrial Average about 14,000. After that duration, the Dow Jones dropped sharply from 12,000 in August 2008 to 6,600 in March 2009. After 2009, there is significant increase until now, rising to 14,929. Company- Berkshire Hatchaways Berkshires core business for insurance business includes the property casualty reinsurance and special class insurance company. For the past 25 years, this company has increasingly strong capital and little debt, for shareholders to create the value of more than 25% growth on average every  year. Table 3 shows analysis ratios and stock price from 2006 to 2012. Table3 Year ROE Total asset turnover Debt/equity P/E P/B closed Price 2006 0.102 0.40 1.27 12.5 1.27 $109990 2007 0.109 0.43 1.24 13.8 1.51 $141600 2008 0.046 0.40 1.41 38.16 1.71 $96600 2009 0.059 0.38 1.19 18.1 1.11 $99200 2010 0.08 0.37 1.29 14.9 1.24 $120450 2011 0.06 0.37 1.32 19 1.18 $114755 2012 0.077 0.38 1.23 14 1.1 $133000 Sourced by Berkshire Graph3 Berkshire’s stock price between 2006 and 2012 Sourced by yahoo finance The gain in net worth during 2006 was $13.6billion, which increased the per-share book value of its stock by 18.4% to $109990. In 2007, the net worth is 12.3billion, which increased the per-share book value of its stock by 11% to $141600. However, in 2008, the stock price fell to $96600, and then there is an increasing trend from 2009 to 2012. Total assets turnover ratio Total assets turnover ratio measures the management efficiency of the firm in managing its total assets to generate sales. A high ratio suggests greater efficiency. Figures shown in table3, the total assets turnover ratio during global crisis had slight change between 0.37 and 0.40. However, the stock price changed sharply, so the stock price can not reflect the stability of this ratio. ROE indicates the rate of return realized by a firms shareholders on their investments and uses as an indicator for the company’s operation. Return on equity (ROE) Return on equity (ROE) is the best indicator to learn how much money a company is making for its investors and measurement of the company’s operations. (Dayanandan 2010, 117) However, ROE is also sensitive to leverage. Assuming that proceeds from debt financing can be invested at a return greater than the borrowing rate, ROE will increase with greater amounts of leverage. From 2007 to 2008, the debt to equity ratio increased by 13.7%, from 1.24 to 1.41. However, ROE rate fell sharply from 10.9% to 4.6%. Although ROE overreact to debt change, Berkshire’s fundamental did not change in 2008. Most of Berkshires business is affected by the economic significant downward in 2009. However, its manufacturing services and retail generated a lot of cash flow and continued to consolidate their market competitive advantage. Berkshires two most important businesses: business insurance and utilities also had a good growth rate. These businesses produced a large amount of business prof its in 2008. P/E ratio P/E ratio is a common approach used by security analysts. In practice, investors usually use expected P/E ratio for the following year and analyse whether the stock price is overvalued or undervalued on the basis. P/E ratio indicates that a stock of its P/E rate over 30 is more likely to be overpriced. The P/E ratio in 2007 and 2008 is 13.8 and 38 respectively and the stock price during the period time of 2007 and 2008 is $141600 and $96600. The change of stock price is overreact to the pre-share earnings. P/B ratio P/B ratio gives some idea of whether an investor is paying too much for what would be left if the company went bankrupt immediately. From 2006 to 2009, P/B ratio increased or decreased had no direct correspondence with the stock price. However, to most companies, the book value is always lower than the stock price. Because most companies have intangible assets such as brand name, specialized skillsï ¼Å'product pricing power. These factors can not reflect in the balance sheet, but the long term trend of the market value is similar with book value. It seems that when P/B ratio increases, the gap between book value and stock price increases. On the other hand, the gap shows investors are willing to hold the stock due to its intangible assets. Cash flow model All these financial ratios cannot explain what happened in 2008 and using cash flow model to estimate the stock price also cannot explain this situation. Because investors assume the company can increase at constant rate. Although they use long-term GDP growth rate to reduce the risk of assessing value, this growth rate cannot explain and predict what happened during the investing period. They also use CAPM to measure discounted rate given by the risk-free interest rate plus a risk premium. The formula is ki=Rf+(Rm-Rf)ÃŽ ²i. However, ÃŽ ²sometimes cannot estimate risk between the market and stock. For example, a company’s market value increases from 10billion t0 20billion is less than market value of the company from 10billion to 3billion. If the company still operate well, from the market side, the risk of buying a company of the market value of 20billion is less than buying the same company of its market value of 3billion. Conclusion Therefore, during global financial crisis, fundamental analysis was useless. It is clear that during some periods the stock price is overvalued or undervalued significantly from its intrinsic value, leading to highly volatility of market price. Any market volatility is considered as irrational performances, so these market valuations caused by behavioral finance which do not have impacts on the company’s assets valuations and  operations. (Adams, Armitage and FitzGerald 2012, 157). In the long term, the trend of the stock price is similar to the trend of its intrinsic value. On the other hand, in the short term, market price is influenced and fluctuated by political, economic, psychological factors, so market price is always undervalued or overvalued, but it is fluctuating around the intrinsic value. Some research show that sometimes earnings information cannot react to the stock market simultaneously and all the public financial information pose a gradual influence on the stock market for a while. During global financial crisis, the stock price sharply fluctuated because of financial behavior. Debt crisis caused by housing loan had a significant impact on people’s confidence. Trader’s low confidence let them make decisions irrationally. Reference list 1. Lee, C.M.C. and Swaminathan, B. 1999. Valuing the Dow: A bottom-up approach. Financial Analysts Journal 55 (5): 4-23. 2. Kesh, Someswar. and Raja, M. K. 2005. â€Å"Development of a qualitative reasoning model for financial forecasting.† Information Management Computer Security 13 (2): 167-179. 3. Carter, T. and Demissew, D.E. 2008. Value innovation management and discounted cash flow. Management Decision 46(1): 58-76. 4. Madden, B.J. 2007. Guidepost to Wealth Creation: Value-Relevant Track Records. Journal of Applied Finance 17 (2): 119-130. 5. Vilanova, M., Lozano, J.M. and Arenas, D. 2009. Exploring the Nature of the Relationship Between CSR and Competitiveness.Journal of Business Ethics 87: 57-69. 6. Dayanandan, R. 2010. Working Capital Management for Sustainable Cooperatives. Global Business and Management Research 2(1): 102-124. 7. Hagos, T.M. and Pal, G. 2010. The means of analysis and evaluation for corporate performances. Annales Universitatis Apulensis : Series Oeconomica 12 (1): 438-449. 8. Zaki, E., Bah, R. and Rao, A. 2011. Assessing probabilities of financial distress of banks in UAE. International Journal of Managerial Finance 7 (3): 304-320. 9. McCarthy, Mary., Solomon, P., and Mihalek, Paul. 2012. Financial Crisis During 2007 And 2008: Efficient Markets Or Human Behavior? Journal of Applied Business Research 28 (6): 1275-1281. 10. Adams, A., Armitage, S. and FitzGerald, A. 2012. An analysis of stock market volatility. Annals of Actuarial Science 6ï ¼Ë†1ï ¼â€°Ã¯ ¼Å¡153-170.

A Comparison of Tragedy in Hamlet, The Book of Job, and Oedipus Rex Ess

Interpretations of Tragedy in Hamlet, The Book of Job, and Oedipus Rex    For ages, man has pondered upon the roots of destiny. Is the outcome of a man's life determined by human qualities and failings, the meddling of a divine power, or simple fate? Shakespeare's Hamlet made the argument that tragedy is caused by human folly. The idea that divine intervention is at the root of human suffering is put forth in the Book of Job. In Sophocles' Oedipus Rex, fate is given as the root of man's suffering. Three divergent perspectives on the origins of calamity exist within the tragedies Hamlet, Job, and Oedipus Rex. Shakespeare's Hamlet enforced the idea that Human suffering is a result of human faults. Hamlet possesses extreme indecisiveness, but at times exhibits dangerous recklessness. Both contribute to his ultimate destruction. The majority of the play consisted of Hamlet deciding when, where, and how to kill Claudius, the murderer of his father. When Claudius is alone praying, Hamlet had the perfect chance to avenge his murdered father, but he decided to postpone the act. "Up, sword, and know thou a more horrid hent. / When he is drunk asleep, or in his rage" (Hamlet III.iii.88-89). If Hamlet had simply slew Claudius at that juncture, the situation would have never complicated; the story would have been over. Such innocents as Hamlet's mother, Polonius, Laertes, and Ophelia would have never met tragic ends. Although Hamlet possessed the fault of indecisiveness, at times, he exhibited a recklessness that led to suffering. When Hamlet was in his mother's room he heard a rustling behind a tapestry that he presumed was Claudius. He decided to kill the man behind the curtain without checking to make sure th... ... misfortune is a matter of fate that cannot be changed by any mortal actions. All provide a valuable insight into one of life's greatest quandaries: the root of tragedy.    Works Cited Green, Joel B., & Longman, Tremper (Eds.). Holy Bible -- The Everday Study Edition. Dallas: Word Publishing. 1996. Shakespeare, William. The New Cambridge Shakespeare: Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Ed. Philip Edwards. Cambridge: Cambridge U P, 1985. Sophocles.   "Oedipus Rex."   An Introduction to Literature, 11th ed. Eds. Sylvan Barnet, et al.   New York: Longman, 1997.    Works Consulted Fox, Robin Lane. The Unauthorized Version: Truth and Fiction in the Bible. New York: Vintage, 1991. G. K. Chesterton, "Introduction to The Book of Job",   The Hebrew Bible In Literary Criticism, Ed. and Comp. Alex Preminger and Edward L. Greenstein, (New York: Ungar)

How to Control an Over Population Country

In the late 1960s and early 1970s some environmentalists began making a sensational claim. The world†s ever increasing population, they claimed, would soon outstrip the planet†s limited resources leading to an environmental disaster. In these doom and gloom scenarios, a massive worldwide famine was just around the corner. The number of people would keep increasing while the amount of food available would stay the same or even decline. The result, the experts argued, was famine by the early 1980s at the latest. The only way to decrease the severity of the impending disaster was to adopt strict policies to control population. There will soon be 6 billion human beings on Earth: according to the latest population estimates released by the United Nations. At this rate, the world population is doubling every 40 years. On October 12, 1999 the world's population will reach 6,000,000,000 people. The overpopulation is a very vast subject, but my assignment will only explain the three major points of the overpopulation. The biggest concern of human beings is the decreasing rate of resources, as the years go by, resources are on a constant decline. Which means in a couple of years, if the population continuous to increase, are resources will disappear in a short term of time. Also, I will try to explain the reasons why this subject became what it is now . Why did did the population increase so much in the past decades, will be answered. And finally, will be looking at solutions to solve this problem in ethical and unethical ways. If everyone on the planet today would adopt a North American lifestyle, natural resources would quickly disappear. Luckily most nations are still careful. They will need to remain so while improving their standard of living. It will be necessary that others in wealthy nations curb their consumption and wastes. Our survival depends on population control as well as a better management of natural resources. Being limited in quantity, natural resources need to be managed accordingly. A new management of the planet's resources has to be planned. In spite of the population increase, famines have become less frequent in the past two hundred years, thanks to phenomenal agricultural yields, and global economy. In the last few years several African countries have been affected by famine. The causes were all due to political problems, including civil wars, that disorganize the economy, paralyze transportation, and prevent emergency food drops to reach their destination. Famine is no longer due to a global food shortage. Everyone's probably heard predictions that the world is going to run out of some essential resource. From copper to oil to food to hundreds of other things human beings use, â€Å"experts† like to come along and predict the imminent exhaustion of resources. The last two centuries have proven not only these individuals, but the very models underlining scarcity of resources, to be wrong. For example, food. Several times over the last 40 years so called â€Å"experts† predicted global famine because increases in food production couldn't possibly keep up with population growth. Thankfully, they were wrong. The best indications today are that food production will continue to outpace population growth for the foreseeable future statistics say. A other example is oil. Predictions of the world using up all its oil have been around for at least 70 years. They reached their peak in the 1970s with the oil crisis brought on by the Oil and Petroleum Exporting Countries' attempt to raise oil prices by voluntarily limiting supply . As the price rises, however, the quantity demanded by consumers decreases. As the price of gasoline increases, for example, consumers will tend to purchase more fuel efficient automobiles or find automobiles which use fuel sources not dependent on oil. This does not require any great leap in technology; there are already numerous alternatives to oil which would become economically feasible if the price of oil ever jumped significantly. Natural gas, for example, is likely to replace oil as the primary source of energy for the future sometime in the next century. In 1994 one of every two people lived in the city, while only one in ten did so in 1900. For hundreds of thousands of years the human population was growing at a low but steadily increasing rate. Then in less than 200 years, the world population went from 1 billion to 6 billion people. Why? Because the balance between birth and death has been broken. The recent global population growth is not the consequence of ncreased birth rates but of an unprecedented decrease in death rate. The 20th century has resulted in victory over famine-related and infant mortality, as well as significant advances in public health and medicine. In the world, five women give birth every second. UN projections show that, in the next 50 years, family planning would be widely used all over the world and birth rate would become universally low. Simultaneously, average life expectancy would reach at least 70 years. Population growth would then start to slow down until it stabilized around the end of the next century. A century from now the world population will probably reach 10 to 15 billion people. Will the world be a nice place to live in? Specialists have mixed opinions. Optimists think that the planet can accommodate a much larger population. Others, more pessimistic, predict catastrophes before ever reaching this number. Researchers have looked for years to find solutions to fight the the overpopulation, but we can†t just except any solutions. Governments can†t just tell the population to stop giving birth, it would be a horrifying reaction from is people. Here are some solutions from researchers that are ethical and unethical. In some countries, particularly Africa, the AIDS epidemic has reached devastating proportions. In the most affected country, Zambia, nearly one in five women of childbearing age is infected. The death rate has already increased by 50%. Eventhough mortality has increased, it has remained less than the birthrate and the population has not decreased. No other country has seen its population decrease because of the AIDS virus, and there is little chance for this to ever happen. There are, however, serious problems concerning the distribution of the earth's goods. But this poor distribution is the result of sin, not overpopulation. Many of the world's calamities and starvation problems are caused by political corruption within Third World countries and a lack of generosity on the part of those individuals and nations with greater abundance. With modern agricultural equipment, adequate food storage facilities, and technology to ensure clean drinking water, Third World countries like India could make great strides in becoming self-sufficient; and developed countries like the United States could help provide these improvements. Many people who support abortion claim overpopulation as a major reason why abortion is not only a right, but a necessity. They claim that because of the enormous amount of people in the world, if all mothers kept their children within their womb, there would not be enough land and food to provide for them. But is this a ethical way of solving problems†¦ Overpopulation is the root cause of all environmental deterioration. Global warming, the ozone hole, rain forest destruction, desertification and all kinds of pollution, weather breakdown, and natural disasters are only signs of this already deadly monster. Population grows exponentially. That is, each generation is a little bigger than the generation before, and so more people have more children, and the next generation is bigger yet. Population grows faster and faster. On the other hand, food production is limited by available farmland, water for irrigation, and so on, and so cannot grow without limit. Food production grows more and more slowly. Therefore, it inevitably follows that as population continues to grow faster while food production grows more slowly, sooner or later population will outstrip food supply, and it just will not be possible to feed all the people. Human societies will always face significant challenges and problems to overcome. New diseases will almost certainly emerge over the next century, as they have ever since human beings began living in large groups. Technological upheaval and change will be the rule rather than the exception. But provided that democracy and freedom continue to spread around the globe, albeit at a sometimes incredibly slow pace, we should expect the 21st century to be a much better place to live to the same degree that the 20th century has been immeasurably better for humans than the 19th century was.

The Journey of Faith - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1597 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/03/22 Category Religion Essay Level High school Tags: Faith Essay Did you like this example? Every story ever told and every life ever lived has included elements of good and evil. In a stereotypical story, the main character endures a struggle between the wicked and the honorable†whether it be internal or external. Through hardships, self-discovery, grit, and strength, the protagonist generally manages to pull off a miracle and rid their respective world of the evil that perverted it. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Journey of Faith" essay for you Create order As real people are living out the stories of their life, what is it that separates the good from the bad? The wicked from the righteous? Ultimately, one thing becomes the deciding factor in the conflict between the dark and the light, and that is the faith of the character. Whatever it is that an individual has faith in† whether it is faith in humanity, themselves, people, the world, a single person, or a supreme being of some kind, the choice to have faith or not to have faith determines a persons character. When faith is chosen, it becomes the sledgehammer to smash the face of the evil that keeps popping up back into the hole it came from. True faith is the key to taking the evil out of a person and out of the world. One of the most immediate, innate connections one makes upon hearing the word faith is that with God. God is believed by an incredibly large group of people to be the only one who can change a persons heart and help them become victors over the adversary. Gods role in the internal battle between good and evil is exceptionally shown in a novel written by Yann Martel. In his internationally celebrated book Life of Pi, the main character, Pi, embarks on a life-altering journey that changes his perspective forever. He interacts with different characters and endures treacherous experiences and loneliness that, in any interpretation of the story, become a part of him. Pi is an avidly adamant believer of God, and as he and his actions reiterate constantly throughout the book, Pi knows and loves him deeply and personally. Pis life on a boat in the middle of the Pacific Ocean was not, in any stretch of reality, easy. He described one of his experiences this way, I was giving up. I would have given up†if a voice hadnt made itself heard in my heart. The voice said, I will not die. I refuse it. I will make it through this nightmare. I will beat the odds, as great as they are. I have survived so far, miraculously. Now I will turn miracle into routine. The amazing will be seen every day. I will put in all the work necessary. Yes, so long as God is with me, I will not die. Amen (Patel 148). It is examples like this of Pis faith in and love for God that spread and touched all those who heard his story. One man, Mr. Francis Adirubasamy, introduced Pis experience to the also fictitious author of Pis story by saying, I have a story that will make you believe in God (Patel X). True, unshaken faith is infectious and spreads like the desire for water on a mildly hot day; one doesnt realize they need it until they recognize they dont have it or they see someone else with it. As shown by Mr. Adirubasamy, Pis incredible faith had more of an effect on many than the reality-defying experiences he had. The fact that, above all else, the power of faith was Mr. Adirubasamys main takeaway from Pis story is quite the supporting factor in the argument that Pis faith in God was his key to survival† as well as the triumph over the evil around and inside of him. Although the example of faith shown by Pi is monumentally powerful, the deathly exhibit of what forged faith can do to a person (or a town) is equally as present in the play The Crucible. Written in 1953 by Arthur Miller, this chilling tale follows the havoc-reaped town of Salem as their witch trials commenced in the 1690s. Many people were being accused of witchcraft (the punishment for which is hanging) and terror reigned over the hearts of the residents. Accusations were being thrown left and right as haphazardly as one might throw their clothes out of a drawer in a frantic search for the desired item; however, most of the accusations had very little merit, cause, or evidence to support them. Elizabeth Proctor, a character in the story who was living in Salem at the time, said this, I cannot think the Devil may own a womans soul, Mr. Hale, when she keeps an upright way, as I have. I am a good woman, I know it; and if you believe I may do only good work in the world, and yet be sec retly bound to Satan, then I must tell you, sir, I do not believe it (Miller 70). Elizabeth believes that one cannot make viable accusation of evil against a woman who has done nothing but good works†a show of her personal faith in God. While this prerogative makes logical sense, the town of Salem let fear and false faith control their actions; specifically, they let Abigail Williams, a young girl perceived by many as the living embodiment of deceptive faith, control them. She jumped on the witchcraft accusation bandwagon, shrugging the blame for actual witchcraft off of herself, starting with a slave named Tituba. When confronted about the witchcraft that she herself had performed, Abby said, Now look you. All of you. We danced. And Tituba conjured Ruth Putnams dead sisters. And that is all. And mark this. Let either of you breathe a word, or the edge of a word, about the other things, and I will come to you in the black of some terrible night and I will bring a pointy reckoning that will shudder you. And you know I can do it; I saw Indians smash my dear parents heads on the pillow next to mine, and I have seen some reddish work done at night, and I will make you wish you had never seen the sun go down! (Miller 20) . Abigails threat to the other girls that had seen her perform witchcraft in the woods carried out well and held onto the hearts of the threatened through the rest of the ordeal. Because of this, Abigail was able to wrongly accuse many and start a spark, leading to a metaphorical fire that ultimately killed twenty people† nineteen by hanging and one by torture† all under a false pretense of faith. Young Goodman Brown is another example of the effects of counterfeit faith, but it also delves deeper into the aftermath of the loss of faith. In this classic written by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Goodman Brown is a man who embarks on a journey, despite his wife, Faiths, resistance at his leaving. He ventures into the woods where he meets a strange traveler who is bearing in considerable resemblance to him, though perhaps more in expression than features (Hawthorne). This traveler is later on revealed to be Devil himself, implying that we all have a little bit of evil inside of us. When this older man admonishes him for being late to their meeting, Goodman Brown says that Faith kept me back awhile(Hawthorne). Aside from the fictionalized side of this statement, the screaming symbolism clearly shows that faith keeps one away from evil. It was only when Goodman Brown chose to ignore his faith that he met and conversed with the Devil. As young Goodman Brown and the Devil continued walking dow n the path in the forest, Goodman Brown travelled further and further away from his Faith. Eventually, at a point deep in the woods, he thinks he hears her voice and a scream, shortly followed by a sign implying that she is gone. My Faith is gone! cried he, after one stupefied moment. There is no good on earth; and sin is but a name. Come, devil! For to thee is this world given (Hawthorne). Once faith feels lost, there seems to be no point in resisting evil because one cant feel the good anymore. Therefore, when faith is lost, the individual is lost with it. To analytically summarize, faith has a monumentally incredible power for good if used, gained, and shared correctly. If a forged pretense of faith is used for evil, or if ones faith is lost, it can have the equal, but ruinously opposite effect as true faith. Once one has chosen faith, all actions that follow suit are based off of that choice. Faith, instead of simply becoming a part of someone, becomes the reason behind their existence and the center of their life. As displayed by Pi, true, pure faith has the potential to pull us through the worst of times and give people a reason to, as quoted in Finding Nemo, just keep swimming. If faith is manipulated, relented, or lost (as shown in The Crucible and Young Goodman Brown), the result can be a loss of life† whether that be physically, emotionally, spiritually, or a disastrous mix of all of them. Ultimately, faith is the keystone of a persons decisions and well being. Life without faith is simply fear. Woodrow Kroll, a respected religious leader and previous president of Davis College, once said, The only known antidote to fear is faith. Because wickedness breeds fear, this also suggests that the only known antidote to evil is faith. True faith is the key to taking the evil out of a person and out of the world.